Have you ever heard the term “pro-drop”? It stands for “pronoun-drop” and it’s a grammatical concept that some languages have. Pro-drop might seem like something really small, but learning about it and how to use it will make you feel and sound a little more like a madrelingua. Continua a leggere per saperne di più.
What is “pro-drop”?
Pro-drop is where you drop the pronoun in a sentence. You might be thinking, “How can you do that? Then you wouldn’t know who is doing the action!” And you’re right! There are certain times when you will need a pronoun to help you. However, some languages, like Spanish, don’t need a pronoun all the time. English, on the other hand, always needs a pronoun, so pro-drop doesn’t happen in English. Let’s take a look at what happens in a sentence in English and Spanish:
I parlare spagnolo.
Yo hablo español.
In both of these sentences, there is a pronoun. In English, it’s I, and in Spanish, it’s yo. Tuttavia, in spagnolo, potrei anche scrivere la frase in questo modo:
Hablo español.
In this sentence, there isn’t a “yo”, but the sentence is still completely grammatically correct.
Why doesn’t Spanish always need to include pronouns?
Ripensa a quando hai imparato la coniugazione in spagnolo. Ti ricordi quante forme ci sono in ogni tempo? Sono 6! In spagnolo, dato che ci sono così tanti tipi di coniugazione, a differenza dei due presenti in inglese, i verbi mostrano chiaramente chi sta compiendo l'azione. Pertanto, la desinenza del verbo è sufficiente per sapere chi sta compiendo l'azione. Dai un'occhiata alle frasi qui sotto. Riesci a capire chi sta compiendo ciascuna azione?
Comprcome mucha ropa.
Hacemos la tarea.
Vivís en Valencia.
I soggetti di questi sono tú, nosotros, e vosotros, and you can tell just based on the endings! There’s no need to include the subject pronoun.
Quando lo spagnolo include i pronomi?
Sometimes, it’s not clear who is doing the action. This is because él, ella e usted hanno tutti la stessa coniugazione e ellos, ellas e ustedes utilizzano la stessa coniugazione. Quindi, a volte è necessario includere il pronome per chiarire chi sta compiendo l'azione. Ad esempio, nella seguente frase non è chiaro chi sia il soggetto:
Come a la 11 de la mañana.
Unless you already established who you’re talking about, you’ll probably need to include the subject so it’s clear who is eating at 11:
Ella come a la 11 de la mañana.
Now, it’s clear that we’re talking about lei.
Inoltre, i madrelingua includono anche i pronomi per sottolineare chi sta compiendo un'azione. Anche se potresti dire hablo español, if someone asks who in the room speaks Spanish, you might want to emphasize “yo hablo español” a aggiungi enfasi.
We hope this helped you see that in Spanish, unlike English, you don’t need to use a pronoun every single time. As you’re learning, it’s okay to use pronouns more often to help you conjugate! Once you get the hang of conjugation, try out pro-drop to take your Spanish to the next level.

